An earthquake is when a sudden release of stress happens in the lithosphere.This usually occurs along a transform boundary.When this happens,the earthquake releases energy in the form of waves these waves are called Seismic waves. Seismic waves travel through the earth and surface, in all directions following after the earthquake. When the plates shift and release energy,they cause large rock masses to move. causes lots of destruction,chaos and,devastation.Most earthquakes happen at transform boundaries and,near the ring of fire.
The earthquake starts at its core,the hypocenter. The hypocenter or the focus is the point in earth where the earthquake starts. The epicenter is the point directly above the hypocenter and, it is located at the surface. Most earthquakes happen at in a belt around the pacific ocean also know as the ring of fire. After the main earthquake the aftershock occurs,which is very destructive and,dangerous to anything on the surface. There is actually a machine that can be used to measure the motion of the seismic waves called, the seismograph. There is also two scales used for earthquakes called, the Richter scale which measures the amplitude of waves and the moment magnitude scale that measures how much energy is in the waves.
Speaking of waves, a Tsunami is a series of ocean waves that happens because of displacement on the seafloor. This is normally caused by earthquakes and plates being subducted into the mantle.
There are also volcanoes. Volcanoes are an opening in the Earth's crust. Pyroclastic flow consisting of magma, rock fragments, and volcanic gases come out of a volcano. Most volcanoes form at a subduction zone or in sea floor spreading. There are three types of volcanoes; composite volcanoes, cinder cone volcanoes, and shield volcanoes.
Composite volcanoes are made out of high silica lava, layers of lava, and rock fragments. Whenever you think of a volcano, a composite volcano is what you will most likely picture. Some of the most well known eruptions come from composite volcanoes.
Cinder cone volcanoes are built of pieces of magma that harden in the air to fall to the ground. Cinder cone volcanoes are a cone shape with a crater at the top called the "cinder cone crater".
Shield volcanoes are formed from many eruptions of lava in low silica that flow easily. They are named shield volcanoes because they resemble a shield that is lying flat on the ground. Shield volcanoes don't cause massive explosions, but lava runs down the sides of the volcano.
The most common place where volcanoes are is called the ring of fire, which is located in the Pacific Ocean. Most of the volcanoes are created by subduction zones or sea floor spreading, but not all of them are. Volcanoes can also be created by hotspots. This is how islands are formed.
You might think that volcanoes are bad and harmful because of the things that they immediately do after they erupt. These things include lava flows, volcanic ash, mud flows, pyroclastic flow and landslides. But over time, volcanoes can actually help the environment. Volcanic material creates new land and lava flows create fertile soil.
Composite volcanoes are made out of high silica lava, layers of lava, and rock fragments. Whenever you think of a volcano, a composite volcano is what you will most likely picture. Some of the most well known eruptions come from composite volcanoes.
Cinder cone volcanoes are built of pieces of magma that harden in the air to fall to the ground. Cinder cone volcanoes are a cone shape with a crater at the top called the "cinder cone crater".
Shield volcanoes are formed from many eruptions of lava in low silica that flow easily. They are named shield volcanoes because they resemble a shield that is lying flat on the ground. Shield volcanoes don't cause massive explosions, but lava runs down the sides of the volcano.
The most common place where volcanoes are is called the ring of fire, which is located in the Pacific Ocean. Most of the volcanoes are created by subduction zones or sea floor spreading, but not all of them are. Volcanoes can also be created by hotspots. This is how islands are formed.
You might think that volcanoes are bad and harmful because of the things that they immediately do after they erupt. These things include lava flows, volcanic ash, mud flows, pyroclastic flow and landslides. But over time, volcanoes can actually help the environment. Volcanic material creates new land and lava flows create fertile soil.